Type-writing machine.



'J. T. SCHAAFF.

` TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Prummel Hmm lugs, l1909.

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HISATTDRNEY 6 Patented Aug. 9, 1940.

' .J. T. SGHAAFF. TYPE vWRITING MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED MAY 2951909.

966,956. v Patented Aug. 9,1910.

4 BHEBT-SHEET 2.

,wlw-MESE@ INVENTUR:

4 HIWURNQ J. T. SCHAAPF."

-TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 29, 190er.

' 4 BHEETBBHBET 3.

'www' WATTURNY Patenta Aug. 9, 1910. 1.

stantially uniform leverage throughout the NITnD sTATEs PATENT; oianion.y

.'ronN T. scHAArF, or WASHINGTON, DI'sTnIcT or COLUMBIA, nss'IeNon To UNION TYPEWRITER COMPANY, or JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY,

JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Application led May, 1909. Serial` No. 499,230.

To all whomt may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN T. SCHAATF, a citizen of the. United States, and resident of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of

which the followin is a speclfica-tion.

My invention re at-es to typewriting machines and more particularly to type actions.

One ofthe main objects of the invention is to provide a'lcomparatvely simple and eilicient type action in which the type basket may receive a case shifting movement.

A further object of my invention is to provide type actions in which there is a subi system and in which the leverage of the type bar 4actuating means remains thesame in both the upper and lower case positions of the type basket@ 4, l i

To. the above hereinafter appear, my invention consists in the features of construction, arrangementsof parts and combinations of devices which will be hereinafter described and` particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings -wherein like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in the various views, Figure' 1 is a central, vertical front to rear sectional view of one form of typewriting machine embodying my invention, a sufficientnumber of parts of the machine being shown to illustrate my invention in its embodiment therein. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the same taken on the line m-m of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic side view of a type action, the view corresponding to Fig. 1 except that the type bar is shown in the printing position. Fig. 4 is a view which corresponds to Fig. 3 except that the parts are shown shifted for upper case writing.

I have shown my invention applied in the present instance to a front-strike typewriting machine, although it should be understood that the invention from certain aspects may be embodied lin other styles of machines. p

The frame of the machine comprisesla base y 1, corner posts 2 and a top plate 3. The car riage is mounted in any suitable manner to travel across the top -plate of the machine from side to side thereof, the carriage carrying a cylindrical platen 4, diagrammatically and other ends which will.

in the base of the machine.

shown in the drawings. Key levers of the second orde-r 5 are fulcrumed on a pivot .Wire 6 secured at its ends in the base of the machine. `The key levers Aextend forwardl? dilferent distances and are provided 'wit finger keys 7 arranged in different banks. Each key lever has an upwardl yex'tending ear 8 to which an angular su Jever 9 is pivoted at 10.` It will be observed that the' ears 8 are arranged at different distances along'the key levers and at different dis tances from the fulcrum 6 thereofqas yare the points of pivotal connection between the key levers and angular sub-levers 9. The purpose of this construction will hereinafter -I'nore clearly appear. Each of the angular levers has a rearwardly extending' substantially horizontal arm 11, substantially parallel with the associated key lever 5. Each of these arms is slotted 'or bifurcated hori.

zontally at 12 to receive a fulcrum rod or pin 13 which extends from side to side of the machine and sconnected at its ends to upright links 14 pivoted at their lower ends on shouldered pivot screws l5 that 'are received at their threaded ends 16 in tapped openings By mountin the fulcrum rod 13 in the manner describe it is adapted to swing on the pivots of the supporting links 14 in a substantiallyhori-4 zontal plane fore and aft of the machine and toward andY away from the fulcrum rod 6 of the key levers and toward and away from,

the pivotal connections 10 between the key levers andV angular sub-levers. Each 'of the A oonronaTIon or NEW,

Patented Aug. 9, 1910.

angular sub-levers has an upright arm 17 bentrearwardly at its upper end' as indicated at 18 where it is provided with a laterally extending pin 19 received in an upright slot 20 in an upwardly extending subdever 21 of the third order. The subu-leversu21 are all pivoted on a pivot wire 22 and work fore and aft of the machine in slots 23 in a kerfed support 24 secured by upwardly extending arms 25 to a type bar segment 26. The

upper ends of the upright sub-levers 21 are vbent rearwardly at 27 where they are pro vided withlaterally projecting pins 28v received in inclined slots 29 in the heels of the type bars 30. The type bars are segmentally segment 26. The fprward ends of the'type bars are supported on a pad 33 which in turn is supported on a segmental'strip 34 secured at-its ends to forwardly extending arms 35 secured by screws 36 to the type bar segment 26.

Two sets of parallel links 37 are pivotally connected at their forwardA ends to the seg- `the top plate 3 of the machine. Each of Tonsm these brackets has forwardly extending arms or lugs 41 tapped to receive oppositely disposed screw stops 42iwhich cooperate with the uppermost of the associated pair of parallel links to limit the movement'of the cooperating link and thus limit the case shift- -ing movement of the segment and the type bars carried thereby. Each pair of links 37 is situated near one side of the machine and makes connection with the segmentat one end thereof. lThe left-hand -lowermost shift link 37 is extended rearwardly and laterally to form an arm v43 which is connected to a depending link 44 connected to a case shift lever 45 provided with a finger key 46.

Each side of the type bar segment has aY rearwardly and 'downwardly extending algm 47 secured thereto by screws 48. These arms are slotted at 49, the slots being inclined and receiving' the fulcrum rod 13. It will be understood that the inclined slots 49 form internal cams which coperate with the fulcrum rod 13 to effect a shifting movement of the fulcrum rod around the pivots 15 of the supporting links 14 when the segment is shifted to change the case position ofthe types. Thus when the parts are in position to printthe lower case types 50, as shown in Fig. 1, the fulcrum rod 13 will be maintained in the position indicated in Fig. 1`, whereas when the case shift key 46 is depressed to shift the typebar segment upwardly in order that the upper case types 51 may be brought to the printing polnt, then the fulcrum rod 13 will be automatically shifted to the position shown in Fig. 4 where it` is removed farther from, the points of pivotal connection between the an ular levers and the key levers. The object o this automatic change of the fulcrum of the angular levers will hereinafter more clearly appear.

From an inspection of Fig. 2 it will be seen that the upright arms 17 of the angular sub-levers all extend to the same heights and make connection with all of said upri ht levers 21 at the same distance from the ulcrum thereof. It will also be observed that the upright arms 17 of the angular sublevers are substantially parallel with the upright sub-levers 21 up to the points of connecti n between the two sets or series of sublevers. Moreover, it will be seen that the uplthat this uniform leverafre and .di

right sub-levers 21 extend varying distances from their fulcrum 22 and extend to progressively greater heights from the center to the sides of the system and that the sublevers 21 at the sides of the system have laterally extending bends 52, which lateral bends extend 'inwardly and upwardly from the body portions of the sub-levers to make connection with the associated type bars and to compensate for the difference in width between the system of type bars and the s 1stem of key levers. By pivoting the angular sub-levers to the key levers at varyin dis-l tances from the pivot rod 6 of the key levers in the manner shown, I compensate for the variation in leverage due to the variation in the lengths of the' key levers themselves and 'due to the variation in lengths of the, upright sub-levers 21. It will be observed that when the type bar segment is shifted, the sub-levers 21 which are carried by the segment receive a case shifting movement with f the type bars, such movement being afforded by the pin and slot connections .19 and 20 between the upright sub-levers 21 .and the angular sub-levers 9, which 4latter are fulcrumed on a part carried by a fixed portion of the machine. It will also be understood that the relative case shift movements be* tween the upright sub-levers 21 and angular levers 9 would ordinarily vary the leverage throughout the system; that is to say, the leverage'ordinarily which is provided when the type basket is in the lower case position would be distinctly different from that pro'- vided when the type basket is in the upper case position. In order to compensate for this variation in leverage the fulcrum rod 13 is automatically 'shifted during the case shifting movements of the type basket in the manner hereinbefore described. It will be seen therefore that I have provided a uniform leverage for the parts' throughout the system and a uniform dip ofthe keys and is the same whether the type basket be in t e upper case position or in the lower` case position.

Certain features disclosed herein are claimed broadly in companion application Serial No. 499,228 filed by me of even date herewith, the claims in the present case being restricted to features not disclosed in said other application. There are distinct advantages in the constructiondisclosed in the present application over that shown in my said application Serial No. 499,228. Thus in the structure of said application Serial No. 499,228, the change in the relation of the two sets of sub-lcvcrs effected at the case shifting movements of the parts Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my in- `vention.

comprising a plurality of actuating devices,

means for effecting a rcase shifting movement of said type bar and for effecting a relative movement between certain of said actuating devices during .the case shifting movement of the type bar, thereby varying the leverage of said actuating devices, and automatically actuated means for `compensating for the variation in the leverage due to varia-tion in the relation of the actuating devices by the,4 case shifting operation. y l

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type bar, actuating means therefor comprising a plurality of operatively connected levers,. means for effecting acase shifting movement of said type bar and for t effecting a relative movement between certain of said levers during the case shifting movement of the type bar, thereby varying the leverage of said actuating devices, and automatically actuated means for compeir sating for the variation in the leverage due 'to variation in the-relation of the levers by ydevices during the case shifting'movement ofthe type bar, a fulcrum for certain of said -actuating devices, and means for automatically changing said fulcrum to compensate for any variation in the leverage due'to variation in the relation of the actuating de vices by the case shifting operation.

4. In a typewriting machine, the'combination of a type bar, actuating means therefor comprising a plurality of operatively connected levers, means for effecting a case shifting movement ofl said type bar and for effecting ya relative movement between certain of said .levers during the case shifting movement of the type bar, a fulcrumfor certain of said levers, and' means for automatically changing said fulcrum to comf pensate for any variation in the leverage due to variation in the relation of the' levers by the case shifting operation.

In a typewrit-ing machine, the combination of a series of type bars, a segment on which said type bars are mounted, a plurality of series of type bar actuating devices,\ means for effecting a case shifting 1nove ment of said segment and for concurrently effecting a relative shifting movement between certain of the type balyactuating dcvices, thereby varying the leverage of saidactuating devices, and automatically actu ated means for compensating'for the variation in leverage throughout the system dueI to variation in the relation between said ty Je bar actuating devices effected by a case shi ting movement of the segment.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars, a segment on which saidtype bars are mounted, a plurality of series of operatively connected type `bar actuating levers, means for effecting a case shifting movement of said segment `and rfor concurrently effecting a relative shifting movement between certain of the type bar actuating levers, a 'movable f ulcrum forcertain of said levers, and 'means for moving said fulcrumtocompensate for any variation in ,leverage throughout the system due to variation in the relation between said le-` vers by the case shifting movement of the segment.V

i. In a the combination of a shi table type bar segment, a type bar carried thereby, a key lever, a sub-lever shiftable with said segment and operatively connected with the type bar,.a second sub-lever controlled by said key lever, means for operatively connecting said sublevers to afford a relative shifting movement between-them when the type bar segmentis shifted, and means for automatically varying the fulcrum of said second sub-lever' when the segment is shifted. l

8. In a front-strike ty ewriting machine, the combination of a shif) ment, a type bar carried thereby, a key lever, an upright sub-lever shiftable with 'said segment and operatively connected with the type bar, a second sub-lever which is in the form of an angular lever and is .controlled by said key lever, means for operatively connecting said sub-levers to afford a` relative shifting movement between them when the type bar segment is shifted, and means for automatically varying the fulcrnm of said angular sub-lever when the segment is shifted. i

9. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a shiftable type bar segment, a type bar carried thereby, a key lever,

Va sub-lever shiftable -with said segment and operatively connected with said type bar, a second sub-lever controlled by said key lever and connected by a pin and slot connection front-strike tytpewriting machine, L

table type bar segwith saidfirst mentioned sub-lever to afford a relative shifting movement between the' sub-levers when the type bar segment'is 'nected by a when the type bar segment is shifted, and

means for' automatically varying the fulcrum of said angular lever when the se'gment is shifted.

11. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

the combination of a series of upwardly land rearwardly striking type bars; a shiftable segment on which said type. bars are mounted; a series of key levers; and intermediate operative connections between said key levers and type bars, said intermediate connectionsincluding a series of sub-levers that vary in llength,a second series of sub-levers, one set of the arms of which are of uniform length and the vother set of arms of which vary in length to provide a uniform leverage throughout the system, and means for simultaneously varying all of the fulcrums of said second series of sub-levers when the segment is shifted.'l

12. In a front-strike typewriting machine, thecombination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, a shiftable typebar segment on which said type bars are mounted, .a series of sub-levers that vary in'length, said sub-levers being carried by the type bar segment, a series of key levers, a second series of sub-levers operatively connected to said key levers, one set of the arms of which sub-levers are of a uniform length and the other set of the arms of which vary in length i to provide a uniform leverage throughout the syste'm, means for operatively connecting said sub-levers to afford a relative shifting movement between them when the type barsegment is shifted, and

means for automatically varying the fulcrums of all of said second series of. sublevers when the type bar segment is shifted.

13. In a front-.strike typewriting machine, the combination of a shiftable `type bar segment, an upwardly and rearwardlystriking type bar carried thereby, al key lever of the second order, an upright sub-lever of the third order pivoted on and shiftable .with said segment and operatively connected to the type bar, an angular sub-lever controlled by said key lever, means for operatively connecting said sub-levers to afford a relative shifting movement between them when the type bar segment is shifted, and meansI for automatically varying the fulcrum of said angular sub-lever when the segment is shifted.

14. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a seriesof upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, a shiftable type bar segment on which said type bars are mounted, a series of sub-levers that Vary in length and which are operativel connected with the type bars and shiftab e with the type bar segment, a series of key levers that vary in length, a.second series of subvers and to the irst mentioned series of sublevers, ore set of the arms of the second series of sub-levers being of uniform length and the other set of arms varying in length according to the variation in length of the first mentioned series of sub-levers and according to the variation in length of the key 'levers operatively connected to the key lelevers, means for affording a relative shifting movement between said sub-levers when the type bar segment is shifted, and means for automatically varying the fulcrums of all of said second series of sub-levers when the type bar segment is shifted.

15. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

the combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly swingingtype bars, a shiftable segment on which said type bars are mounted, a series of sub-levers carried by said segment and connected directly to the type bars by pin and slot connections, a second series of sub-levers connected to the first mentioned sub-levers by pin and slot connections which affordV relative shifting movements between the two series 4of sub-levers when the segment 'is shifted, key levers to which said second series of sub-levers are connected, and means for automatically varying the fulcrums of said second series of sub-levers when the type bar segment is shifted. l

16. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bars, a shiftable segment on which said type bars are mounted,

a series of sub-levers of the third order carried by said segment and connected directly. with the type bars by-pin and slot connections, said sub-levers extending dierent distances from their fulcrums, a second series of angular sub-levers havin upright arms operatively connected to sai first mentioned sub-levers to afford relative movements between the two series of sub-levers when 'the segment is shifted, the upright arms lof the angular sub-levers extending a uniform dirstance from the fulcrums of said angular sub-levers, key 'levers to which the other substantially horizontally disposed arms of the angular sub-levers are connected at va- 'rying distances from the fulcrums of said angular 'sub-levers, and means for automatically varying the fulcrums of the angular levers when the type bar segment is shifted.

17. In a front-strike typewriting machine,

Athe combination of a series of upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, a type bar segment shiftable to change the case positions of the types la series of upright sublevers shiftable with the segment, a series of key levers, a sereaef angular sub-levers ntermediate the key levers and upright sublevers and operatively connected thereto, the angular euh-levers having one set of their arms substantially parallel with the key levers and havingI the other Set of their arms substantially parallel with 'the upright sub levers up tothe points of operative connection between the angular and upright'sublevers, means for operatively connecting the 4'two series of sub-levers to afford a relativecase shiftlng movement-'between them when f nation of a platen, type bars, actuating means therefor,rneans for affording a relative case shifting movement between the type bars and platen, and means controlled by the relative oase shiftbetween the 'parts for automa'tically varying the 'fulorums .of certain fof the type bar actuating-means to make the leverage the same in the"upper and'lower case positions of the parte.

* Signed at the borough of Manhattan, o t'y Of New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York this 28th day of May A. D. 1909.

1 JOHN T. SCHAAFF.

Witnesses:

CHARLES E. SMITH, 'J. B. DEEvEs. 

